Copyrights are divided into moral rights and economic rights. Moral rights include: right of public release, right of attribution, and right of integrity. Economic rights include: reproduction right, public recitation right, public broadcasting right, public presentation right(for audiovisual works), public performance right, public transmission right, public display right(unpublished fine arts

Copyrightable “works” includes works in literature, science, the arts, and other academic area. Oral and literary works include poems, verses, prose, fictions, plays or scenarios, academic theses, lectures, and other oral and literary works. Product instruction manuals-even those that merely contain operating procedures and specification descriptions-fall in the category of

Technological protection measures are protective measures employed by economic rights owners to prevent others from accessing or exploiting works without authorization. Such protective measures may take the form of equipment, devices, add-on components, encryption technology, a serial number, a password, or some other technology designed especially for technology protection purpose.

A patent is an intellectual property right which is examined and granted by the competent authority (e.g., Patent Office) to an inventor, a utility model creator, or a designer “to exclude others from exploiting the creation without the patentee’s consent” for a limited time period in exchange for public disclosure

There are three types of patents, including invention, utility model, and design patent.

Invention is a creation of technical ideas utilizing the laws of nature to produce the technical effect, solve problem(s) and achieve the expected purpose(s). The invention must be of “technical character” to the extent that the problem must be solved by technical means in the relevant technical field. Mere discovery,

A utility model is a creation of technical ideas relating to the shape or structure of an article or combination of articles which occupies certain space, utilizing the laws of nature. Manufacturing method, processing method, using method, chemical substance or compound without concrete shape or structure does not meet the

A design means the creation made in respect of the shape, pattern, color, or any combination thereof, of an article as a whole or in part by visual appeal. A design patent application may also be filed for computer generated icons (Icons) and graphic user interface (GUI) applied to an

An inventor, a utility model creator, a designer, or the assignee or successor thereof has the right to apply for a patent. However, if the creation is made by an employee in the course of performing his/her duties, only his/her employer (such as a company) may apply for a patent.